You know what’s funny about safety? Nothing.
Safety is a serious topic that gets overlooked in so many contexts. Fire pit safety is no different.
The Consumer Product Safety Commission estimated that in 2021 (the last time stats were published), there were 6,200 injuries related to fire pits and outdoor heaters. Kids are particularly at risk. A 2019 study published in the Journal of Burn Care & Research found that people ages 19 and under suffered 10,951 burns related to fire pits between 2006 and 2017.
The good news is that most fire pit accidents are entirely avoidable. In this blog post, I’ll cover 17 indispensable safety tips everyone should know – regardless of whether you own a fire pit.
Check out our post on the best fire pits of 2024 for recommendations on the safest fire pits available today.
TL;DR
- Get up to speed on your local fire regulations.
Place your fire pit on a flat, non-flammable surface at least 10 feet away from structures and hazards.
Never leave an active fire unattended – especially with children and pets around.
DO NOT add accelerants like lighter fluid or gasoline to a fire.
Read your fire pit’s user manual to understand recommended use and warranty coverage.
Establish emergency procedures before using a fire pit – location of fire extinguisher and first aid kit, emergency services contact information, knowledge of burn evaluations and treatment.
Periodically inspect your fire pit for damage and perform regular maintenance.
Add lighting, be aware of seating separation, and avoid trip hazards around your fire pit – especially when hosting gatherings.
Fire Pit Safety Tips
Fire pits are a hot commodity.
A 2018 American Society of Landscape Architects survey revealed that 66% of respondents selected an outdoor fire pit or fireplace as their favorite design element. Fire pits have only jumped in popularity since then. But how many fire pit owners understand the potential dangers of this popular outdoor feature?
This list of 17 safety tips will protect you and your loved ones from fire danger the next time you are enjoying the cozy warmth of an outdoor fire pit.
1. Regulations and Codes
Understanding and adhering to your local fire regulations and building codes is critical. These rules are not just bureaucratic red tape; they are in place to ensure public safety and prevent hazardous situations. Fire regulations vary significantly depending on location, and failure to comply can lead to fines and unnecessary safety risks.
Look for the following info when consulting your local regs:
The permissible size of the fire pit.
The type of fuel you can burn (i.e. wood, propane, ethanol, etc.),
The required distance from structures and property lines.
Whether certain types of fire pits are banned. Many cities or neighborhoods may have specific codes regarding smoke emissions and the use of fire pits in communal or public spaces.
By staying informed and compliant with fire regulations and codes, you minimize safety risks while respecting your community and the environment.
2. Fire Pit Location and Setup
Choosing the right location for your fire pit is critical for safety and enjoyment. Do the following when installing your permanent or portable fire pit:
Identify a location with a level, non-flammable surface, such as concrete, stone, or brick.
Situate the fire pit at least 10 feet away from potential hazards, measured horizontally AND vertically, to ensure proper ventilation.
Evaluate local environmental factors (i.e., prevailing wind direction).
Installing your fire pit in a sheltered location with a flat surface and separation from structures will reduce the risk of flames and sparks escaping the fire pit area, causing structures or plants to catch fire.
3. Safety Tips for Wood Burning Fire Pits
Wood-burning fires are classic. They are also high risk for anyone unfamiliar with fire safety. Consider the following when using a wood-burning fire pit:
NEVER leave a wood-burning fire pit unattended. Completely extinguish the fire before leaving the area.
Do not install it on a wood deck.
Seasoned hardwoods (e.g., oak or maple) burn cleaner and produce fewer sparks and embers than softwoods (e.g., pine) or wood that has not thoroughly dried.
Avoid using treated wood, plywood, or construction scraps, as these can release harmful chemicals when burned.
A smaller, controlled fire reduces the risk of accidental spreading and makes it easier to extinguish quickly if necessary.
Always have a method for extinguishing the fire close at hand, such as a bucket of water, sand, or a fire extinguisher.
4. Safety Tips for Propane and Natural Gas Fire Pits
Propane and natural gas fire pits are a convenient and clean-burning option. They are also some of the safest fire pits available.
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Periodically check for leaks in your gas connections by applying a soapy water solution to the hose and connections; bubbles will form if there’s a leak.
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If a leak is detected, immediately turn off the gas supply and do not use the fire pit until the issue is resolved.
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Maintain a clear space around the fire pit, free from flammable materials.
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Follow the manufacturer’s instructions when igniting your propane or natural gas fire pit.
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Never leave a lit fire pit unattended, and ensure that children and pets are supervised around it.
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Turn off the gas supply when not in use to prevent accidental leakage.
By following these safety tips, you can enjoy the warmth and convenience of your propane or natural gas fire pit with peace of mind.
5. Safety Tips for Ethanol and Gel Fuel Fire Pits
Ethanol and gel fuel fire pits are prized for their ease of use and portability. Still, they come with their own set of safety considerations. Do the following to avoid dangerous risks like ‘jetting’ when refueling and using your ethanol and gel fuel fire pit:
Only use the fuel recommended by the manufacturer for your specific fire pit. Substituting with a different fuel type can lead to unpredictable and hazardous burning behavior.
When refueling an ethanol or gel fuel fire pit, ensure the fire is completely extinguished and the unit is cool to the touch. Refueling a hot fire pit that is not entirely extinguished can result in dangerous flare-ups and ‘jetting.’
Store your ethanol or gel fuel securely away from the fire pit and out of reach of children and pets.
Follow the manufacturer’s recommended procedure when lighting your fire pit; keep your face and hands at a safe distance to avoid a potential flare-up.
Ethanol and gel fuel fire pits should be used in well-ventilated areas to prevent the buildup of fumes.
6. Read the Product User Manual
One often overlooked but crucial step in ensuring fire pit safety is thoroughly reading the user manual accompanying your product.
The use manual provides essential information on assembly, operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting, which can vary significantly from one fire pit to another.
Neglecting to follow the guidelines provided in the user manual can sometimes void the warranty, leaving you without recourse if something goes wrong.
The user manual also contains warranty information detailing aspects of the fire pit covered in case of malfunction or damage and the process to claim it.
Dedicating time to familiarize yourself with the user manual is a safety measure and an intelligent way to protect your investment in your fire pit.
7. Fire Pit Maintenance and Inspection
Regular maintenance and inspection are vital to ensuring the longevity and safety of your fire pit. Over time, fire pits can become damaged from regular use and exposure to the elements, making periodic checks and upkeep essential.
Periodically inspect your fire pit for any signs of damage or wear, such as cracks, rust, or deterioration, especially if it’s made of metal or ceramic.
Replace damaged parts.
Regularly clean out ash and debris, as an accumulation can hinder proper airflow and potentially cause the fire pit to burn inefficiently or unsafely.
Check the gas lines and connections for leaks should be part of your routine maintenance for propane and natural gas fire pits.
Cover your fire pit when it’s not in use to protect it from weather damage and reduce the cleaning needed.
8. Lighting the Fire
The correct way to light a fire varies significantly depending on your fire pit.
Place tinder and small kindling at the bottom for a wood-burning fire pit, followed by larger pieces of dry, seasoned wood. Light the fuel with a match or lighter and allow the fire to grow naturally, avoiding any flammable liquids as accelerants (i.e., lighter fluid or gasoline).
For propane and natural gas fire pits, ensure all gas connections are secure before opening the valve. Light the burner using the ignition mechanism provided or with a long match or lighter if manual lighting is required. Keep your face and body away from the fire pit during ignition to avoid sudden flare-ups.
Fill the burner with the appropriate amount of manufacturer-recommended fuel for an ethanol or gel fuel fire pit, ensuring it is not overfilled. Light the fuel carefully with a long lighter or match, again keeping a safe distance.
9. Extinguishing and Cleanup
Properly extinguishing and cleaning up after using your fire pit is as crucial as setup, lighting, or ignition.
For a wood fire pit, allow the wood to burn down to ash if possible, then douse it entirely with water, ensuring that all embers, ashes, and coals are soaked. Stir the remains and apply more water until all hissing sounds stop, confirming the fire is fully extinguished.
For propane and natural gas fire pits, the process is more straightforward. Turn off the gas supply, which will immediately extinguish the flames. It’s essential, however, to let the fire pit cool down completely before covering or storing it.
For an ethanol or gel fuel fire pit, the best method to extinguish the fire is by using a fire snuffer or lid to smother the flames, cutting off the oxygen supply. Never pour water on an ethanol fire, as it can cause the fire to spread.
After extinguishing, regardless of the type of fire pit, it’s essential to clean up any debris and ensure the area is safe and tidy.
10. Fire Pit Accessories
Equipping yourself with the right fire pit accessories is vital to creating a safe and enjoyable outdoor fire experience.
Having a fire extinguisher close at hand is a must. This ensures that you are prepared to quickly and effectively respond in case of an unexpected flare-up.
Depending on your type of fire pit, a spark screen, and a windscreen are practical accessories that help maintain a consistent flame while containing sparks and embers.
A durable cover is essential for protecting your fire pit from weather elements and debris, prolonging its lifespan, and maintaining its appearance. A cover is necessary for metal fire pits, which are more susceptible to rust and weather damage.
A first aid kit should be readily accessible. Although accidents are rare, being prepared for minor burns or injuries is a wise precaution.
11. Emergency Procedures
Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. Being prepared for accidents and knowing the appropriate emergency procedures is crucial when using a fire pit. Despite taking all necessary precautions, unexpected incidents can still occur, and a prompt response can make a significant difference.
Have a basic understanding of first aid for burns. This includes cooling the burn with cool (not cold) water for at least 10 minutes, covering it with a sterile, non-fluffy dressing or cloth, and avoiding the application of creams or ointments.
In case of more severe burns, or if the burn affects the face or hands or covers a large area, it’s vital to call emergency services immediately. Always keep a phone within reach to ensure you can quickly contact emergency services if necessary.
Have a predetermined emergency plan that everyone in the household knows, including the location of first aid supplies, fire extinguishers, and the procedure for evacuating the area safely.
12. Firewood and Fuel
Choosing the correct type of firewood and fuel is crucial for a safe and efficient fire pit experience.
When selecting firewood, avoid wet wood as it burns inefficiently, producing a lot of smoke and potentially dangerous sparks. Instead, opt for seasoned hardwoods like oak, maple, or birch. Hardwoods burn cleaner and hotter, providing a more enjoyable experience with less smoke and fewer sparks. They also produce more heat and last longer, making them a more economical choice in the long run.
For propane, natural gas, ethanol, or gel fuel fire pits, be sure to use the manufacturer-recommended fuel type for your specific fire pit model. Using the wrong fuel type can damage your fire pit and pose serious safety risks.
13. Safety Measures for Children and Pets
It’s imperative to take extra precautions if children and pets are present around a fire pit, as they are particularly vulnerable to accidents.
Establish a clear safety boundary around the fire pit and strictly enforce a no-go zone for children and pets. This helps prevent accidental falls or burns.
Always supervise children closely when they are near the fire pit, and educate them about the dangers of fire, including the importance of staying a safe distance away and not throwing items into the fire.
Keep pets that are naturally curious or prone to jumping leashed or in a separate area.
Keep all fire-starting materials (i.e., matches, fuel, etc.) out of reach to prevent unsupervised attempts to light the fire.
14. Fire Pit Safety During Gatherings
Balancing the ambiance and enjoyment with safety precautions is essential when hosting a gathering around the fire pit.
Alcohol consumption should be monitored, as it can impair judgment and increase the risk of accidents near the fire.
Ensure that guests who are drinking stay a safe distance away from the fire pit to prevent accidental falls or missteps.
Seating and spacing are crucial in backyard fire pit safety during gatherings. Arrange seating to provide ample space between the fire pit and your guests, allowing for easy movement without the risk of someone getting too close to the flames.
Consider the placement of furniture to prevent tripping hazards in the dark.
Proper lighting around the area can help guests navigate safely.
15. Seasonal Considerations
The changing seasons bring different challenges and considerations for fire pit safety and maintenance.
Windy conditions are more prevalent in certain seasons. Be extra cautious, as strong winds can quickly spread flames or embers outside the fire pit area.
During rain or dampness, ensure your fire pit and the wood you use are adequately protected and dry. Wet conditions make it challenging to start a fire and can lead to excessive smoke and uneven burning.
During drier summer months, be vigilant about fire bans and heightened fire risks in your area.
16. Common Fire Pit Mistakes to Avoid
Many fire pit accidents result from repeating common mistakes that could easily be avoided by following established safety practices.
Remember to consider the importance of location; placing a fire pit too close to structures, trees, or flammable materials can lead to hazardous situations.
Pay attention to the manufacturer’s instructions and use the correct fuel type for your fire pit. Failure to do so can have serious consequences.
Leaving a fire pit unattended is dangerous – especially when children or pets are around – is a risky oversight.
Avoid overloading your fire pit with too much wood, which can lead to uncontrollable flames.
17. Fire Pit Safety Tips for Camping
When camping, it’s essential to adhere to safety guidelines and responsible campfire practices to ensure your safety and preserve the natural environment.
Embracing the leave-no-trace principle is critical; this means using existing fire rings or pits where available and avoiding creating new fire areas. Portable fire pits are great for camping.
Always check if campfires are allowed in the area, as restrictions can vary depending on the season and location.
When building a fire, keep it small and manageable; this conserves wood and minimizes the risk of the fire getting out of hand.
Never leave your campfire unattended, and ensure it is completely extinguished before leaving the site or going to sleep.
Final Thoughts
Fire pit safety is essential for ensuring enjoyable gatherings around the fire. The 17 fire pit safety tips we’ve explored offer comprehensive guidance on preventing accidents, protecting your property, and enjoying the warmth and ambiance of a fire pit responsibly.
Fire pit safety is about more than just following regulations. It’s about cultivating awareness and taking proactive steps to ensure the safety of yourself, your loved ones, and your surroundings. By implementing these tips, you can enjoy the countless benefits of a fire pit while minimizing risks.
